Archibald Douglas
Archibald Douglas, 6th Earl of Angus, was a Scottish magnate, the second husband of Margaret Tudor and the father of Lady Margaret Douglas. Born around 1489, he succeeded to the earldom in 1513 after his father was killed at Flodden and his grandfather died soon afterwards, and within a year he married the widowed queen, a match that cost her the regency for her son and split the Scottish nobility. In 1525 he took cu…
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Died1557
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Gen 1 · 1401 - 1437
Catherine of Valois was a French princess who became queen of England as the wife of Henry V and, by her second marriage, the grandmother of Henry VII. Born in Paris in 1401, the youngest daughter of Charles VI of France and Isabeau of Bavaria, she was married to Henry V in 1420 under the Treaty of Troyes, which was meant to settle the Hundred Years' War by making her husband heir to the French throne. Their only child succeeded as Henry VI of England at the age of nine months. Widowed at twenty, Catherine formed a lasting union with Owen Tudor, a Welshman of her household, and their sons Edmund and Jasper Tudor grew up under the protection of their royal half-brother. She died in 1437 and was buried at Westminster Abbey.
Gen 1 · 1404 - 1444
John Beaufort, 1st Duke of Somerset, was an English nobleman and soldier of the Lancastrian royal house and the father of Lady Margaret Beaufort. Born in 1404, he was a grandson of John of Gaunt, Duke of Lancaster, through Gaunt's marriage to Katherine Swynford, whose children were legitimated by parliament but later barred from the succession by a clause of doubtful authority. Captured in France as a young man at the Battle of Bauge, he spent some seventeen years as a prisoner of war before being ransomed. He was created Duke of Somerset in 1443 and given command of an expensive expedition to France that achieved nothing and ended in his disgrace at court. He died in 1444, leaving his infant daughter Margaret as his heiress and, through her, the Tudor line.
Gen 1 · 1411 - 1460
Richard Plantagenet, 3rd Duke of York, was the English magnate whose claim to the throne opened the Wars of the Roses and whose sons became Edward IV and Richard III. Born in 1411, he inherited vast estates and a double descent from Edward III, through his father Richard of Conisburgh and his mother Anne Mortimer. He served as the king's lieutenant in France and in Ireland and twice as Lord Protector during the incapacity of Henry VI, pressing his case against the court party led by Queen Margaret of Anjou. In October 1460 parliament recognised him as heir to the throne in place of the king's son, but he died at the Battle of Wakefield that December. Through his granddaughter Elizabeth of York his blood passed into the Tudor line.
Gen 2 · 1442 - 1483
Edward IV was king of England from 1461 to 1470 and again from 1471 to 1483, the first monarch of the House of York and the maternal grandfather of Henry VIII. Born at Rouen in 1442, the eldest surviving son of Richard, 3rd Duke of York, and Cecily Neville, he took the throne as a teenager after his father's death in the Wars of the Roses and won decisive victories at Towton, Barnet and Tewkesbury. His secret marriage to Elizabeth Woodville in 1464 alienated his chief ally, the Earl of Warwick, and drove him briefly into exile. His second reign brought England relative peace, a revived royal revenue and a fashionable court. He died in 1483, and three years later his eldest daughter Elizabeth of York married Henry VII.
Gen 2 · 1443 - 1509
Lady Margaret Beaufort, Countess of Richmond and Derby, was the mother of Henry VII and the source of the Lancastrian claim that put the Tudors on the English throne. Born at Bletsoe Castle in Bedfordshire in 1443, the only surviving child of John Beaufort, 1st Duke of Somerset, she was a great-granddaughter of John of Gaunt. Married to Edmund Tudor at twelve and widowed within a year, she gave birth to her only child at Pembroke Castle in 1457. Through the Yorkist decades she worked steadily for her exiled son's cause, helping to arrange the understanding with the Woodvilles that preceded Bosworth. As the king's mother she was a formidable landowner, a patron of printing and learning, and the founder of Christ's College and St John's College, Cambridge. She died in 1509.
Gen 2 · 1449 - 1478
George Plantagenet, 1st Duke of Clarence, was an English prince of the House of York, a younger brother of Edward IV and Richard III and the father of Margaret Pole. Born at Dublin Castle in 1449 while his father served as the king's lieutenant in Ireland, he was created Duke of Clarence at his brother's coronation in 1461. In 1469 he married Isabel Neville, elder daughter of the Earl of Warwick, and joined his father-in-law's rebellion against the king before changing sides again and being reconciled. Relations with Edward IV broke down once more after Isabel's death, and he was attainted by parliament and died in the Tower of London in February 1478. His daughter Margaret carried the Plantagenet bloodline into the Tudor century.
Gen 3 · 1457 - 1509
Henry VII was the first Tudor king of England, reigning from 1485 to 1509 after defeating Richard III at the Battle of Bosworth Field. Born at Pembroke Castle in 1457, the posthumous son of Edmund Tudor and Lady Margaret Beaufort, he spent most of his youth in exile in Brittany and France in the care of his uncle Jasper Tudor. His marriage to Elizabeth of York in January 1486 joined the rival houses of Lancaster and York and produced the combined red and white rose that became the dynasty's badge. He suppressed a series of pretenders, restored the crown's finances through close personal control of revenue and a formidable network of bonds, and married his children into the ruling houses of Spain and Scotland. He died at Richmond Palace in 1509.
Gen 3 · 1466 - 1503
Elizabeth of York was queen of England as the wife of Henry VII and the mother of Henry VIII, and the only Englishwoman to be the daughter, sister, niece, wife and mother of kings. Born at the Palace of Westminster in 1466, she was the eldest child of Edward IV and Elizabeth Woodville. Her father's death in 1483 left her and her siblings declared illegitimate under Richard III, and her marriage to the victorious Henry Tudor in January 1486 was the settlement that closed the Wars of the Roses. She bore at least seven children, of whom Arthur, Margaret, Henry and Mary survived infancy, and was widely praised for her generosity, her piety and the dignity she brought to the new dynasty. She died at the Tower of London on her thirty-seventh birthday in 1503.
Gen 3 · 1473 - 1541
Margaret Pole, Countess of Salisbury, was an English noblewoman and one of the last of the House of Plantagenet, a first cousin of Elizabeth of York and for many years a trusted figure at the court of Henry VIII. Born in 1473 to George, Duke of Clarence, and Isabel Neville, she was married to Sir Richard Pole, a loyal servant of Henry VII, and bore five children, among them Cardinal Reginald Pole. Henry VIII restored her to the earldom of Salisbury in her own right in 1513, a rare distinction for a woman, and appointed her governess to Princess Mary, to whom she remained devoted through the years of Mary's disgrace. Her family's opposition to the king's religious policy brought her attainder in 1539 and her death at the Tower of London in 1541.
Gen 4 · 1486 - 1502
Arthur, Prince of Wales, was the eldest son of Henry VII and Elizabeth of York and heir to the English throne until his death at fifteen. Born at Winchester in September 1486, less than a year after his parents' marriage, he was named to evoke the legendary British king and to advertise the new dynasty's ambitions. He was betrothed in infancy to Catherine of Aragon, daughter of Ferdinand of Aragon and Isabella of Castile, and the two were married at St Paul's Cathedral in November 1501 in a match that anchored England's alliance with Spain. The couple were sent to Ludlow Castle to head the council of the Welsh Marches, and Arthur died there in April 1502. His younger brother became Henry VIII and in 1509 married his widow.
Gen 4 · 1491 - 1547
Henry VIII was king of England from 1509 to 1547, the second Tudor monarch and the one whose break with Rome reshaped English religion and government. Born at Greenwich in 1491, the second son of Henry VII and Elizabeth of York, he became heir on the death of his elder brother Arthur and succeeded at seventeen, marrying Arthur's widow Catherine of Aragon. When the papacy would not annul that marriage he broke with Rome, was declared Supreme Head of the Church of England, and dissolved the monasteries, transferring their lands and wealth to the crown. He married six times, and his three surviving children, Mary, Elizabeth and Edward, each reigned in turn. A lavish patron, palace builder and founder of a standing navy, he died at Whitehall in January 1547.
The House of Bonaparte is the French imperial dynasty founded by Napoleon I, a family of minor Corsican nobles from Ajaccio who within one generation ruled France and placed brothers and sisters on the thrones of Spain, Holland, Naples and Westphalia, and whose senior line survives today in Jean-Christophe, Prince Napoleon. The family descends from Carlo Buonaparte, an Ajaccio lawyer, and Letizia Ramolino, whose eight surviving children were born between 1768 and 1784 on an island that had only just passed from Genoese to French rule. The second son, Napoleon, became First Consul in 1799 and Emperor of the French in 1804, and the whole family rose with him. ## Origins in Corsica The Buonaparte were a patrician family of Ajaccio with roots traced to Tuscany, holding local office and a modest estate rather than great wealth. Carlo Buonaparte studied law at Pisa, served in the Corsican assembly and secured French recognition of the family's noble status, which opened the military academies of Brienne and Paris to his sons. After his death in 1785 Letizia Ramolino held the household together, later presiding over the imperial court as Madame Mere and outliving the Empire itself. ## Notable members Napoleon I is the figure the family is remembered for: general of the Italian and Egyptian campaigns, author of the Civil Code, and Emperor until his abdication in 1815 and exile on Saint Helena. His siblings became sovereigns in their own right, Joseph in Naples and Spain, Louis in Holland, Elisa in Tuscany, Caroline in Naples with her husband Joachim Murat, and Jerome in Westphalia. Napoleon's only legitimate son, Napoleon II, was titled King of Rome. The dynasty returned to power through Louis and Hortense de Beauharnais's son, who ruled as Napoleon III from 1852 to 1870 alongside Empress Eugenie. Later generations produced the ornithologist Charles Lucien Bonaparte and the celebrated Paris salon hostess Princess Mathilde. ## Significance No other modern European family moved so far so quickly, and few left as deep a mark. The Napoleonic Code still underpins the civil law of much of continental Europe and Latin America, while the Second Empire rebuilt Paris into the city of boulevards visitors see today. Two empires, two exiles and a princely line that continues in the present make the Bonapartes the most consequential of the newer European houses. | Fact | Details | | --- | --- | | Family name | Bonaparte, originally Buonaparte | | Place of origin | Ajaccio, Corsica, with earlier roots in Tuscany | | Founding couple | Carlo Buonaparte and Letizia Ramolino | | Best known member | Napoleon I, Emperor of the French | | Thrones held | France, Italy, Spain, Holland, Naples, Westphalia | | Imperial periods | First Empire 1804 to 1815, Second Empire 1852 to 1870 | | Current head of the house | Jean-Christophe, Prince Napoleon, born 1986 | | Generations in this tree | Five, from Carlo Buonaparte to Jean-Christophe |
The Chakri dynasty is the ruling royal house of Thailand, founded in 1782 by King Rama I (Buddha Yodfa Chulaloke) and continuing through ten monarchs to the reigning king, Rama X (Vajiralongkorn). For nearly two and a half centuries it has presided over Siam's transformation from an early modern Southeast Asian kingdom into the modern nation of Thailand, surviving colonial pressure, foreign war, and the 1932 shift from absolute to constitutional monarchy. ## Origins The dynasty takes its name from its founder's pre-royal title, Chao Phraya Chakri, the highest military rank in the old Siamese order. After serving as a general under King Taksin of Thonburi, he took the throne amid the political turmoil that followed Taksin's downfall, founded Bangkok as the new capital in 1782, and set about restoring the laws, religious texts, and administrative structures that had been lost when Ayutthaya fell to Burma in 1767. His descendants ruled in direct succession from father to son or brother to brother, with several kings, notably Rama III, having no direct heir positioned to inherit and the throne instead passing sideways to a brother or nephew. ## Notable members Several Chakri kings are individually significant. Rama IV (Mongkut) spent nearly three decades as a Buddhist monk before opening Siam to Western trade and diplomacy. His son Rama V (Chulalongkorn) abolished slavery and modernized the kingdom's administration while keeping it the only Southeast Asian state never colonized by a European power. Rama VII (Prajadhipok) presided over the end of absolute monarchy in 1932 and abdicated in 1935. Rama IX (Bhumibol Adulyadej), who reigned for seventy years until 2016, became the longest-reigning monarch in Thai history, and his children include the current king, Rama X, and the widely respected Princess Sirindhorn. ## Significance The Chakri dynasty is unique among Southeast Asian royal houses for its continuous, unbroken rule and its central role in preserving Thai national identity and independence through the colonial era. Its monarchs remain constitutionally central to Thai public life today, with the king serving as head of state and a unifying symbol above elected politics. | Fact | Details | |---|---| | Founded | 1782, by Rama I | | Current monarch | Rama X (Vajiralongkorn), since 2016 | | Capital established | Bangkok | | Number of kings to date | Ten | | Longest reign | Rama IX (Bhumibol Adulyadej), 1946-2016 | | Country | Thailand (formerly Siam) |
The House of Bourbon is a European royal dynasty, descended in the male line from the Capetian kings of France, that ruled France from 1589 to 1792 and again from 1814 to 1848, and that still reigns in Spain today under King Felipe VI. Over four centuries its members also held the thrones of Navarre, Naples and Sicily, Parma and Etruria, which makes it one of the most widely established royal houses in European history. ## Origins The family takes its name from the lordship of Bourbon in the Auvergne, centred on Bourbon-l'Archambault. Its royal line descends from Robert, Count of Clermont, a younger son of King Louis IX of France, whose marriage to Beatrice of Burgundy, heiress of Bourbon, carried the name into the Capetian house in 1272. For three centuries afterwards the Bourbons were powerful French princes of the blood rather than kings. That changed with Antoine de Bourbon, Duke of Vendome, whose marriage to Jeanne d'Albret, queen regnant of Navarre, produced Henry of Navarre. When the Valois line died out in 1589, Henry was the senior Capetian heir, and he took the French throne as Henry IV. ## Notable members Henry IV ended the French Wars of Religion and issued the Edict of Nantes in 1598. His son Louis XIII, guided by Cardinal Richelieu, built the centralised state that Louis XIV, the Sun King, carried to its height across a reign of seventy-two years, the longest of any European sovereign, and to the palace of Versailles. Louis XV and then Louis XVI inherited that system, and Louis XVI and his queen, Marie Antoinette, were swept away by the French Revolution in 1792. The dynasty returned with Louis XVIII in 1814 and Charles X in 1824, and in 1830 the crown passed to Louis Philippe I of the cadet House of Orleans, the last king to rule in France. ## The Spanish branch In 1700 the childless Charles II of Spain left his crown to Philip, Duke of Anjou, a grandson of Louis XIV. Philip became Philip V, the first Bourbon king of Spain, at the cost of the War of the Spanish Succession, which ended with his renunciation of any claim to the French throne. His descendants include the reforming Charles III, Ferdinand VII, Isabella II, Alfonso XII and Alfonso XIII, who left Spain in 1931. The monarchy was restored in 1975 under Juan Carlos I, grandson of Alfonso XIII, who presided over Spain's transition to democracy and abdicated in 2014 in favour of his son Felipe VI. Felipe's elder daughter Leonor, Princess of Asturias, is heir to the throne. ## Significance No other family links the absolute monarchy of Versailles to a working constitutional monarchy in twenty-first century Madrid. Bourbon marriages tied the house to the Habsburgs of Austria and Spain, the dukes of Savoy, the Medici of Florence and the British royal family, so a Bourbon family tree doubles as a map of European dynastic politics from the Reformation to the present day. | Fact | Details | | --- | --- | | Family name | House of Bourbon (Maison de Bourbon, Casa de Borbon) | | Place of origin | Bourbon-l'Archambault, Auvergne, France | | Founder of the line | Robert, Count of Clermont (1256-1317), son of Louis IX | | First king of France | Henry IV, reigned 1589 to 1610 | | Last king to rule France | Louis Philippe I, reigned 1830 to 1848 | | First king of Spain | Philip V, reigned 1700 to 1746 | | Head of the house in Spain | King Felipe VI, since 2014 | | Heir in Spain | Leonor, Princess of Asturias | | Principal seats | Versailles, Fontainebleau, the Louvre, the Royal Palace of Madrid |
Archibald Douglas has 1 recorded child: Margaret Douglas.
Archibald Douglas married Margaret Tudor.
Archibald Douglas is recorded as 6th Earl of Angus in the Tudor family tree.
Archibald Douglas's recorded native place is Scotland.
0 ancestors and 3 descendants of Archibald Douglas are recorded so far, within a tree of 51 people.
Archibald Douglas is recorded as Henry VIII Tudor's Brother-in-law.
Archibald Douglas is recorded in the Tudor family tree on My rOoOts, alongside 50 other people.
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