Public Family Trees/Glucksburg/Paul of Greece
1901 - 1964 · Male · Athens, Greece
Son of Constantine I of Greece and Sophia of Prussia
4
Generation
6
Ancestors
8
Descendants
3
Children
1
Marriages
Paul (1901 to 1964) was King of the Hellenes from 1947 until his death, the youngest son of Constantine I and Sophia of Prussia. He trained as a naval officer, spent long years in exile during the Greek republic, and served with the Greek forces in the Second World War before returning home. He succeeded his brother George II in the middle of the Greek Civil War, and his reign then covered the post-war reconstruction…
Born1901
Born to Constantine I of Greece, Sophia of Prussia.
Family
A partnership that connects two branches of the Glucksburg family.
Next Generation
3 children recorded in this branch.
Legacy
A defining role in the story of the Glucksburg family.
Died1964
The close of a life whose connections continue through the family record.
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Gen 1 · 1817 - 1898
Louise of Hesse-Kassel (1817 to 1898) was Queen of Denmark as the wife of Christian IX and the matriarch of the modern House of Glücksburg. Born in Kassel, she was a niece of Christian VIII of Denmark, and it was partly through her own descent that her husband's claim to the Danish succession was strengthened. She married Christian in 1842 and had six children: Frederik VIII, Alexandra, George I of Greece, Dagmar, Thyra and Valdemar. A gifted musician and a determined organiser of her children's futures, she did more than anyone to arrange the marriages that carried her family into the British, Russian, Greek and later Norwegian royal houses.
Gen 1 · 1818 - 1906
Christian IX (1818 to 1906) was King of Denmark from 1863 until his death, and the ancestor from whom every later member of the House of Glücksburg descends. Born at Gottorp Castle in Schleswig into a cadet branch of the House of Oldenburg, he was named heir to the childless Frederik VII and came to the throne in a year of crisis, losing Schleswig and Holstein in the war of 1864 and later accepting the parliamentary reforms that shaped modern Danish politics. With his wife Louise of Hesse-Kassel he had six children whose marriages earned him the nickname father-in-law of Europe: Frederik VIII of Denmark, Alexandra, queen consort of the United Kingdom, George I of Greece, Dagmar, who became Empress Maria Feodorovna of Russia, Thyra, and Valdemar.
Gen 2 · 1843 - 1912
Frederik VIII (1843 to 1912) was King of Denmark from 1906 to 1912, the eldest son of Christian IX and Louise of Hesse-Kassel. He waited more than forty years as crown prince, during which he was more sympathetic than his father to the liberal parliamentary movement, and his short reign was marked by a conciliatory tone towards the Danish government and a cautious reform of the relationship with Iceland. He married Louise of Sweden in 1869. Two of their sons became kings: Christian X of Denmark and Prince Carl, who was elected King of Norway in 1905 as Haakon VII, making Frederik VIII the father of two reigning Scandinavian dynasties.
Gen 2 · 1844 - 1925
Alexandra of Denmark (1844 to 1925) was Queen consort of the United Kingdom and Empress of India as the wife of Edward VII. The eldest daughter of Christian IX and Louise of Hesse-Kassel, she grew up in modest circumstances in Copenhagen before her marriage in 1863 made her Princess of Wales, a role she held for 38 years, longer than anyone before her. Admired for her style and her charitable work, she founded the Imperial Military Nursing Service that bears her name and gave her name to Alexandra Rose Day. Her sister Dagmar became Empress of Russia, her brother became George I of Greece, and her daughter Maud became Queen of Norway.
Gen 2 · 1847 - 1928
Maria Feodorovna (1847 to 1928), born Princess Dagmar of Denmark, was Empress of Russia as the wife of Alexander III. The second daughter of Christian IX and Louise of Hesse-Kassel, she took the name Maria Feodorovna on converting to Orthodoxy before her marriage in 1866. Popular in Russian society and a tireless patron of hospitals, schools and the Russian Red Cross, she was the mother of Nicholas II, the last Russian emperor. She remained close to her sister Alexandra, queen consort of the United Kingdom, throughout her life, left Russia in 1919 aboard a British warship, and spent her final years in Denmark at the villa of Hvidøre near Copenhagen.
Gen 3 · 1868 - 1918
Nicholas II (1868 to 1918) was the last Emperor of Russia, reigning from 1894 until his abdication in March 1917. He was the eldest son of Alexander III and of Maria Feodorovna, the Danish-born daughter of Christian IX, which made him a grandson of the founder of the House of Glücksburg and a first cousin of both George V of the United Kingdom and Christian X of Denmark, whom he closely resembled. His reign saw rapid industrial growth alongside the defeat of the Russo-Japanese War, the revolution of 1905 and the creation of the Duma, and finally the strains of the First World War, which brought the three-century Romanov monarchy to an end. He died in 1918.
Gen 3 · 1869 - 1938
Maud of Wales (1869 to 1938) was the first queen of independent Norway, wife of Haakon VII. The youngest daughter of Edward VII and Alexandra of Denmark, she was also a granddaughter of Christian IX, which means both she and her husband descended from the founder of the House of Glücksburg. She married her first cousin Prince Carl of Denmark in 1896 and moved to Norway when he accepted the throne in 1905. Keenly interested in winter sports, music and fashion, she kept close ties to Britain while supporting Norwegian charities and the arts, and her wardrobe is now a studied collection at the National Museum in Oslo. She was the mother of Olav V.
Gen 3 · 1870 - 1947
Christian X (1870 to 1947) was King of Denmark from 1912 to 1947 and King of Iceland from 1918 to 1944, the eldest son of Frederik VIII and Louise of Sweden. His reign opened with constitutional conflict, including the Easter Crisis of 1920 in which his dismissal of the elected government nearly cost the monarchy its position, and closed with the German occupation of Denmark from 1940 to 1945, during which his daily rides through Copenhagen on horseback became a symbol of national endurance. He married Alexandrine of Mecklenburg-Schwerin in 1898 and was the father of Frederik IX of Denmark. His brother reigned in Norway as Haakon VII.
Gen 4 · 1899 - 1972
Frederik IX (1899 to 1972) was King of Denmark from 1947 until his death, the elder son of Christian X and Alexandrine of Mecklenburg-Schwerin. A career naval officer before his accession, he was an enthusiastic sailor and an accomplished amateur conductor, and he cultivated a relaxed, approachable style that suited post-war Denmark. The defining act of his reign was the constitutional change of 1953, which allowed female succession and so made his eldest daughter his heir. He married Ingrid of Sweden in 1935, and their three daughters were Margrethe II of Denmark, Benedikte, and Anne-Marie, who became Queen of the Hellenes.
Gen 5 · b. 1940
Margrethe II (born 1940) reigned as Queen of Denmark from 1972 until her abdication on 14 January 2024, becoming Europe's longest-serving head of state before she stood down. The eldest daughter of Frederik IX and Ingrid of Sweden, she became heir only because the constitution was changed in 1953 to allow female succession. She trained as an archaeologist, taking part in excavations in Egypt and Italy, and built a parallel career as an artist: she designed stage sets and costumes, and illustrated the Danish edition of The Lord of the Rings under the name Ingahild Grathmer. She married Henri de Laborde de Monpezat in 1967 and is the mother of King Frederik X and Prince Joachim.
Gen 5 · b. 1944
Princess Benedikte of Denmark (born 1944) is the second daughter of Frederik IX and Ingrid of Sweden and the younger sister of Queen Margrethe II. In 1968 she married Richard, Prince of Sayn-Wittgenstein-Berleburg, and for many years divided her life between Germany and Denmark, retaining her Danish royal duties on the condition that her children were raised in Denmark for part of the year. She has carried out an unusually long record of official engagements for the Danish crown and is best known publicly for her lifelong involvement with equestrian sport, serving in senior roles in Danish and international riding organisations, as well as with the Danish Girl Guides and a wide range of charities.
The House of Tudor was the royal family that ruled England and Wales from 1485 to 1603, founded by Henry VII after his victory at Bosworth Field and ending with the death of his granddaughter Elizabeth I. In five reigns the dynasty took England out of the Roman Catholic church, made the monarch the head of a national religion, and turned a peripheral kingdom into a naval and literary power. This tree follows the line from the Welsh courtier Owen Tudor and the dowager queen Catherine of Valois down to Elizabeth I, together with the Brandon, Grey and Clifford cousins and the Scottish line that ended in James VI and I. ## Origins The family name comes from Penmynydd in Anglesey, north Wales, where the Tudors were landed gentry in the service of the princes of Gwynedd. Owen Tudor came to the English court in the 1420s and married Catherine of Valois, the widow of Henry V. Their sons Edmund and Jasper Tudor were half-brothers of Henry VI, who raised them to earldoms in 1452. Edmund's marriage to Lady Margaret Beaufort, a great-granddaughter of John of Gaunt, added the senior Lancastrian claim to the throne, and their only child, born after his father's death, became Henry VII. His marriage to Elizabeth of York, eldest daughter of Edward IV, joined the two houses whose rivalry had driven the Wars of the Roses and gave the dynasty its red and white rose. ## Notable members Henry VII rebuilt the crown's finances and secured the new dynasty through marriage alliances with Spain and Scotland. Henry VIII married six times and broke with Rome, and his three surviving children each reigned in turn: Edward VI as a Protestant boy king, Mary I as the first queen to rule England in her own right, and Elizabeth I for forty-four years. Around them stand the cousins who carried royal blood without the crown, among them Lady Jane Grey, queen for nine days, her sisters Catherine and Mary Grey, and Margaret Pole, Countess of Salisbury, one of the last Plantagenets. ## The Scottish and Suffolk lines Henry VII's daughters carried the blood outward. Margaret Tudor married James IV of Scotland, and her line runs through James V and Mary, Queen of Scots, to James VI and I, who inherited England in 1603. Mary Tudor married Charles Brandon, 1st Duke of Suffolk, and their daughters Frances and Eleanor Brandon produced the Grey and Clifford claimants whom Henry VIII's will preferred over the Scottish descendants of his elder sister. ## Significance No English dynasty changed the country more in so few generations. The Tudors created the Church of England, absorbed the wealth of the monasteries into the crown, brought Wales formally into the English legal and parliamentary system, and built the navy that met the Spanish Armada. The Elizabethan settlement shaped English religion for centuries, and the Elizabethan decades produced Shakespeare, Spenser and the first English voyages to the Americas. When Elizabeth I died unmarried in 1603, the throne passed peacefully to her Scottish cousin, and the two crowns were joined in one person for the first time. | Fact | Details | |---|---| | Origin | Penmynydd, Anglesey, Wales | | Ruled | England, Wales and Ireland, 1485 to 1603 | | Founder | Owen Tudor, through his son Edmund Tudor | | Monarchs | Henry VII, Henry VIII, Edward VI, Mary I, Elizabeth I | | Emblem | The Tudor rose, red and white combined | | Principal seats | Richmond, Greenwich, Hampton Court and Whitehall palaces | | Ended | Death of Elizabeth I in 1603, succeeded by James VI of Scotland |
The Rockefeller family is an American business and philanthropic dynasty founded on the Standard Oil fortune of John D. Rockefeller, whose descendants have shaped American banking, conservation, medicine, modern art and national politics across five generations. From a modest upstate New York farmhouse the family rose to control the largest industrial enterprise of the Gilded Age, then spent the twentieth century converting that fortune into foundations, museums, parks and public office. ## Origins The line begins with William Avery Rockefeller (1810-1906), a traveling salesman from Granger, New York, and his wife Eliza Davison (1813-1889), who married in 1837 and raised six children in Richford, Moravia and Owego before the family moved to Ohio. Their eldest son, John D. Rockefeller, began as a Cleveland bookkeeper, entered oil refining in 1863 and incorporated the Standard Oil Company in 1870 together with his younger brother William Rockefeller. By the 1880s Standard Oil refined the great majority of American petroleum, until the Supreme Court ordered its dissolution in 1911. ## Notable members John D. Rockefeller and Laura Spelman Rockefeller had four children who reached adulthood, among them the Chicago arts patron Edith Rockefeller McCormick and the family's only son, John D. Rockefeller Jr. With Abby Aldrich Rockefeller, a co-founder of the Museum of Modern Art, John Jr. had six children who defined the family's public face: Abby "Babs" Rockefeller Mauze, the philanthropist John D. Rockefeller III, Nelson Rockefeller, who served four terms as Governor of New York and then as Vice President of the United States, the conservationist and venture capitalist Laurance Rockefeller, Winthrop Rockefeller, Governor of Arkansas, and the banker David Rockefeller of Chase Manhattan. Their children, known within the family as the Cousins, include Senator Jay Rockefeller of West Virginia, the Asmat art collector Michael Rockefeller, Lieutenant Governor Winthrop Paul Rockefeller of Arkansas, the economist Neva Goodwin and the Synergos founder Peggy Dulany. ## Significance The family's lasting mark is institutional rather than dynastic. The Rockefeller Foundation, the University of Chicago, Rockefeller University, the Rockefeller Brothers Fund, Rockefeller Center, the Museum of Modern Art, Colonial Williamsburg, Lincoln Center, the Asia Society and several national parks all trace their founding or their endowment to a Rockefeller. Few American families have moved so completely from industrial fortune to organized philanthropy and elected office within three generations. | Fact | Details | | --- | --- | | Surname | Rockefeller | | Origin | Richford, New York, United States | | Founder | John D. Rockefeller (1839-1937) | | Family business | Standard Oil, later Chase Manhattan Bank | | Known for | Standard Oil, the Rockefeller Foundation, Rockefeller Center, the Museum of Modern Art | | Public offices held | Vice President of the United States, Governor of New York, Governor of Arkansas, United States Senator | | Generations covered | Five, from William Avery Rockefeller to the fourth-generation Cousins |
The House of Medici was a Florentine banking family and political dynasty that rose from mercantile wealth in the late fourteenth century to dominate the Republic of Florence, produced two popes and two queens of France, and ruled as hereditary Grand Dukes of Tuscany for nearly two centuries before the direct male line died out in 1737. ## Origins The family's fortune began with Giovanni di Bicci de' Medici, who founded the Medici Bank around 1397 and built it into one of the most trusted financial institutions in Europe through close ties to the papacy. His son Cosimo de' Medici turned that wealth into political dominance of Florence without ever holding a formal princely title, ruling through alliance, patronage, and public opinion for three decades. Cosimo's descendants, especially his grandson Lorenzo de' Medici, known as Lorenzo the Magnificent, consolidated the family's grip on the city while becoming the era's foremost patrons of Renaissance art and humanist scholarship. ## Notable Members Lorenzo the Magnificent's sons included Giovanni, who became Pope Leo X, the first Medici pope, and whose cousin Giulio later reigned as Pope Clement VII. Lorenzo's granddaughter Catherine de' Medici became queen of France and, as regent, steered the country through the Wars of Religion; a later Medici, Marie de' Medici, likewise became queen of France as the second wife of Henry IV. When the senior line failed with the assassination of Alessandro de' Medici in 1537, the family's junior branch, descended from Cosimo the Elder's brother, provided Cosimo I de' Medici, who was crowned the first Grand Duke of Tuscany in 1569. His descendants, including the scientific patrons Cosimo II and Ferdinando II, ruled Tuscany until Gian Gastone de' Medici, the last Grand Duke, died without an heir in 1737. His sister, Anna Maria Luisa de' Medici, outlived him as the family's final member. ## Significance Beyond their political rule, the Medici reshaped European culture through unmatched patronage: they backed Brunelleschi, Donatello, Botticelli, Michelangelo, and Galileo Galilei, and financed the buildings, art, and institutions that still define Florence today. Anna Maria Luisa's 1737 Patto di Famiglia bequeathed the family's entire art collection to the Tuscan state on the condition it never leave Florence, directly founding the holdings of the Uffizi Gallery and Pitti Palace. | Fact | Details | |---|---| | Founded | c. 1397, Florence (Medici Bank) | | Founder | Giovanni di Bicci de' Medici | | Seat | Florence; later the Grand Duchy of Tuscany | | Peak title | Grand Duke of Tuscany (from 1569) | | Popes produced | Leo X (1513-1521), Clement VII (1523-1534) | | Queens of France | Catherine de' Medici, Marie de' Medici | | Dynasty ended | 1737 (Gian Gastone); 1743 (Anna Maria Luisa) | | Lasting legacy | Uffizi Gallery and Pitti Palace collections |
The House of Stuart was the royal dynasty that ruled Scotland from 1371 and both Scotland and England from 1603 until 1714, giving Britain fourteen monarchs from Robert II to Queen Anne as well as the Jacobite claimants who carried its cause into exile. Spelled Stewart in Scotland and Stuart after Mary, Queen of Scots adopted the French form, the family holds the unusual distinction of having united two crowns by inheritance rather than conquest, and of ending in a disputed succession that reshaped the British constitution. ## Origins The family took its name from its office. The Stewarts were hereditary High Stewards of Scotland, a post granted in the twelfth century to a Breton house settled in Renfrewshire. In 1315 Walter Stewart, 6th High Steward, married Marjorie Bruce, daughter of King Robert the Bruce. Their son became Robert II in 1371 when the direct Bruce line failed, and the stewardship turned into a crown. For more than two centuries afterwards the Stewarts ruled Scotland alone, through a run of reigns cut short by battle, captivity and long royal minorities that left the nobility unusually powerful. ## Notable members James IV, the most cultivated of the Scottish kings, married Margaret Tudor in 1503 and so planted the claim that would carry his descendants to the English throne. His granddaughter Mary, Queen of Scots became queen at six days old, reigned briefly and turbulently, and was deposed in 1567 and executed in England twenty years later. Her son, James VI of Scotland, inherited the English crown in 1603 as James I and became the first monarch to rule both kingdoms. His son Charles I lost the Civil Wars and his throne; Charles II returned at the Restoration in 1660; James II and VII was deposed in the Revolution of 1688, after which his daughters Mary II and Anne reigned in his place. In exile his son James Francis Edward Stuart and grandson Charles Edward Stuart, remembered as Bonnie Prince Charlie, led the Jacobite attempts to recover the throne, ending with the rising of 1745. ## Significance No other British dynasty changed the shape of the state so much. The Stuarts brought Scotland and England under one sovereign, presided over the King James Bible and the theatre of Shakespeare's late career, lost a king to Parliament, and provoked the settlements of 1689 and 1701 that made the monarchy answerable to Parliament and Protestant by statute. When Queen Anne died childless in 1714, the crown passed under the Act of Settlement to the descendants of her cousin Sophia of Hanover, granddaughter of James VI and I, so every British monarch since is still a Stuart descendant. | Fact | Details | | --- | --- | | Founder | Robert II, King of Scots from 1371 | | Ruled | Scotland 1371 to 1714; England and Ireland 1603 to 1714 | | Origin | Renfrewshire, Scotland | | Union of the Crowns | 1603, under James VI of Scotland and I of England | | Last reigning monarch | Anne, Queen of Great Britain, died 1714 | | Jacobite claimants | James Francis Edward, Charles Edward and Henry Benedict Stuart | | Succeeded by | The House of Hanover, through Sophia of Hanover |
Paul of Greece's recorded parents are Constantine I of Greece, Sophia of Prussia.
Paul of Greece has 3 recorded children: Constantine II of Greece, Sofía of Greece and Denmark, Irene of Greece and Denmark.
Paul of Greece married Frederica of Hanover.
Paul of Greece has 2 recorded siblings: George II of Greece, Alexander of Greece.
Paul of Greece is recorded as King of the Hellenes in the Glucksburg family tree.
Paul of Greece's recorded native place is Athens, Greece.
6 ancestors and 8 descendants of Paul of Greece are recorded so far, within a tree of 59 people.
Paul of Greece is recorded as Christian IX of Denmark's Great-Grandson.
Paul of Greece is recorded in the Glucksburg family tree on My rOoOts, alongside 58 other people.
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