Public Family Trees/Glucksburg/Maud of Wales
1869 - 1938 · Female · Marlborough House, London, England
Daughter of Edward VII and Alexandra of Denmark
3
Generation
4
Ancestors
6
Descendants
1
Children
1
Marriages
Maud of Wales (1869 to 1938) was the first queen of independent Norway, wife of Haakon VII. The youngest daughter of Edward VII and Alexandra of Denmark, she was also a granddaughter of Christian IX, which means both she and her husband descended from the founder of the House of Glücksburg. She married her first cousin Prince Carl of Denmark in 1896 and moved to Norway when he accepted the throne in 1905. Keenly inte…
Family
A partnership that connects two branches of the Glucksburg family.
Legacy
A defining role in the story of the Glucksburg family.
Died1938
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Gen 2 · 1843 - 1912
Frederik VIII (1843 to 1912) was King of Denmark from 1906 to 1912, the eldest son of Christian IX and Louise of Hesse-Kassel. He waited more than forty years as crown prince, during which he was more sympathetic than his father to the liberal parliamentary movement, and his short reign was marked by a conciliatory tone towards the Danish government and a cautious reform of the relationship with Iceland. He married Louise of Sweden in 1869. Two of their sons became kings: Christian X of Denmark and Prince Carl, who was elected King of Norway in 1905 as Haakon VII, making Frederik VIII the father of two reigning Scandinavian dynasties.
Gen 2 · 1845 - 1913
George I (1845 to 1913) was King of the Hellenes for almost fifty years and the founder of the Greek branch of the House of Glücksburg. Born Prince Vilhelm of Denmark, the second son of Christian IX, he was elected to the Greek throne in 1863 at the age of seventeen after the deposition of Otto of Bavaria, and deliberately styled himself King of the Hellenes rather than King of Greece. His reign saw the cession of the Ionian Islands to Greece, the gradual consolidation of parliamentary government, the first modern Olympic Games in Athens in 1896, and the territorial gains of the Balkan Wars. He married Olga Constantinovna of Russia in 1867, and died in Thessaloniki in March 1913.
Gen 3 · 1868 - 1923
Constantine I (1868 to 1923) was King of the Hellenes from 1913 to 1917 and again from 1920 to 1922, the eldest son of George I and Olga Constantinovna of Russia. He commanded Greek forces in the Balkan Wars, when Greece nearly doubled in size, which made him immensely popular at his accession. His insistence on neutrality in the First World War brought him into open conflict with his prime minister Eleftherios Venizelos, splitting the country in the National Schism and forcing him from the throne in 1917. Restored in 1920, he lost the throne again after the defeat in Asia Minor and died in exile in Palermo. He married Sophia of Prussia and was the father of three Greek kings.
Gen 3 · 1868 - 1918
Nicholas II (1868 to 1918) was the last Emperor of Russia, reigning from 1894 until his abdication in March 1917. He was the eldest son of Alexander III and of Maria Feodorovna, the Danish-born daughter of Christian IX, which made him a grandson of the founder of the House of Glücksburg and a first cousin of both George V of the United Kingdom and Christian X of Denmark, whom he closely resembled. His reign saw rapid industrial growth alongside the defeat of the Russo-Japanese War, the revolution of 1905 and the creation of the Duma, and finally the strains of the First World War, which brought the three-century Romanov monarchy to an end. He died in 1918.
Gen 4 · 1890 - 1947
George II (1890 to 1947) was King of the Hellenes from 1922 to 1924 and again from 1935 until his death, the eldest son of Constantine I and Sophia of Prussia. He came to the throne after the Asia Minor defeat, was pushed aside within two years when Greece declared a republic, and lived in exile in Romania and Britain for eleven years before a plebiscite restored the monarchy in 1935. His second reign saw the Metaxas government, the Italian invasion of 1940 and the German occupation, through which he led the Greek government in exile from Cairo and London. He returned to Greece in 1946 and died the following year, succeeded by his brother Paul.
Gen 4 · 1893 - 1920
Alexander (1893 to 1920) was King of the Hellenes from 1917 to 1920, the second son of Constantine I and Sophia of Prussia. He was placed on the throne by the Allies and the Venizelos government after his father and elder brother were forced out, and ruled as a largely powerless monarch while real authority rested with his prime minister, who kept him from political affairs and from contact with his exiled family. During his short reign Greece fought alongside the Allies and made large territorial gains in Thrace and Asia Minor. His marriage in 1919 to Aspasia Manos, a Greek commoner, was not initially recognised. He died in 1920 and was succeeded by his father.
Gen 4 · 1899 - 1972
Frederik IX (1899 to 1972) was King of Denmark from 1947 until his death, the elder son of Christian X and Alexandrine of Mecklenburg-Schwerin. A career naval officer before his accession, he was an enthusiastic sailor and an accomplished amateur conductor, and he cultivated a relaxed, approachable style that suited post-war Denmark. The defining act of his reign was the constitutional change of 1953, which allowed female succession and so made his eldest daughter his heir. He married Ingrid of Sweden in 1935, and their three daughters were Margrethe II of Denmark, Benedikte, and Anne-Marie, who became Queen of the Hellenes.
Gen 5 · b. 1938
Queen SofÃa of Spain (born 1938) was Queen consort of Spain from 1975 to 2014 and is the eldest child of Paul of Greece and Frederica of Hanover. Born in Athens as a princess of Greece and Denmark, she was educated in Germany and Greece, trained as a paediatric nurse, and took part in the Greek sailing team's preparations for the 1960 Olympics alongside her brother Constantine II. She married Juan Carlos of Spain in Athens in 1962, converting from Orthodoxy to Catholicism, and became queen when he acceded on the death of Franco in 1975. Widely respected for her work on disability, music education and social welfare, she is the mother of King Felipe VI of Spain.
Gen 5 · 1940 - 2023
Constantine II (1940 to 2023) was the last King of the Hellenes, reigning from 1964 to 1973. The only son of Paul and Frederica of Hanover, he spent his early childhood in wartime exile and won an Olympic gold medal for Greece in Dragon class sailing at the Rome Games in 1960. He came to the throne at twenty-three; within three years the colonels' coup of April 1967 had stripped him of power, and after a failed counter-move that December he left the country. The junta abolished the monarchy, and a referendum in 1974 confirmed the republic. He lived mainly in London for decades before settling again in Greece, and remained a member of the International Olympic Committee. He married Anne-Marie of Denmark in 1964.
Gen 5 · b. 1940
Margrethe II (born 1940) reigned as Queen of Denmark from 1972 until her abdication on 14 January 2024, becoming Europe's longest-serving head of state before she stood down. The eldest daughter of Frederik IX and Ingrid of Sweden, she became heir only because the constitution was changed in 1953 to allow female succession. She trained as an archaeologist, taking part in excavations in Egypt and Italy, and built a parallel career as an artist: she designed stage sets and costumes, and illustrated the Danish edition of The Lord of the Rings under the name Ingahild Grathmer. She married Henri de Laborde de Monpezat in 1967 and is the mother of King Frederik X and Prince Joachim.
Gen 6 · b. 1965
Princess Alexia of Greece and Denmark (born 1965) is the eldest child of Constantine II and Anne-Marie of Denmark. Born at Mon Repos on Corfu, the same house as her kinsman Prince Philip, she was two when her family left Greece, and she grew up in Rome and London. She studied art history and later trained to work with children with special educational needs, teaching in that field. In 1999 she married Carlos Morales Quintana, an architect, and the couple lived for many years in Lanzarote in the Canary Islands and later in London. She is the sister of Crown Prince Pavlos, Nikolaos, Theodora and Philippos.
The House of Plantagenet was the royal dynasty that ruled England for 331 years, from the accession of Henry II in 1154 to the death of Richard III at the Battle of Bosworth in 1485, making it the longest-reigning royal house in English history. Fourteen Plantagenet kings held the throne in unbroken succession, and in the fifteenth century the family's two junior branches, the houses of Lancaster and York, fought each other for the crown in the civil wars later known as the Wars of the Roses. ## Origins The dynasty came from Anjou in western France. Geoffrey V, Count of Anjou, is said to have worn a sprig of broom, *planta genista*, in his cap, and from that nickname the family eventually took its name, although it was not used as an actual surname until Richard, 3rd Duke of York, adopted it in the 1440s. Geoffrey's marriage in 1128 to Empress Matilda, daughter and designated heir of Henry I of England, gave their son a claim to the English throne that he made good in 1154. With Normandy and Anjou behind him, and Aquitaine gained through his marriage to Eleanor of Aquitaine, Henry II ruled lands reaching from the Scottish border to the Pyrenees, the assemblage historians call the Angevin Empire. ## Notable members The early, or Angevin, kings are among the most familiar names in English history: Henry II, whose itinerant justices and sworn juries laid the foundations of the common law; Richard the Lionheart, a leading commander of the Third Crusade; and King John, who sealed Magna Carta at Runnymede in 1215. Henry III rebuilt Westminster Abbey, Edward I conquered Wales and summoned the Model Parliament, and Edward III opened the Hundred Years' War and founded the Order of the Garter. Later generations produced Edward the Black Prince, the victor of Poitiers, Henry V of Agincourt, and Richard III, whose lost grave was rediscovered in Leicester in 2012. ## Lancaster and York Edward III's many sons divided the dynasty. From his third surviving son, John of Gaunt, Duke of Lancaster, came Henry IV, Henry V and Henry VI, and, through Gaunt's Beaufort children, Margaret Beaufort and her son Henry VII. From his fourth son, Edmund of Langley, Duke of York, combined with the senior Mortimer descent from his second son, Lionel of Antwerp, came Richard, 3rd Duke of York, and his sons Edward IV and Richard III. The rivalry of those branches produced thirty years of intermittent civil war, ending when Henry Tudor defeated Richard III at Bosworth and married Elizabeth of York, uniting the red and white roses. ## Significance No other family has shaped English institutions so deeply. Under the Plantagenets, Magna Carta became a settled principle, parliament grew from an occasional royal council into a body whose consent was needed for taxation, the common law took its enduring form, and English displaced French as the language of the court. Their castles, abbeys and cathedrals still define the medieval landscape of England and Wales. | Fact | Details | | --- | --- | | Ruled | England, 1154 to 1485 | | Founder | Henry II, son of Geoffrey V of Anjou and Empress Matilda | | Place of origin | Anjou, France | | Kings | Fourteen, from Henry II to Richard III | | Branches | Angevin, Lancaster, York | | Emblems | The broom flower, the red rose of Lancaster, the white rose of York | | Last king | Richard III, killed at Bosworth in 1485 | | Legacy | Magna Carta, English common law, the growth of parliament |
The House of Stuart was the royal dynasty that ruled Scotland from 1371 and both Scotland and England from 1603 until 1714, giving Britain fourteen monarchs from Robert II to Queen Anne as well as the Jacobite claimants who carried its cause into exile. Spelled Stewart in Scotland and Stuart after Mary, Queen of Scots adopted the French form, the family holds the unusual distinction of having united two crowns by inheritance rather than conquest, and of ending in a disputed succession that reshaped the British constitution. ## Origins The family took its name from its office. The Stewarts were hereditary High Stewards of Scotland, a post granted in the twelfth century to a Breton house settled in Renfrewshire. In 1315 Walter Stewart, 6th High Steward, married Marjorie Bruce, daughter of King Robert the Bruce. Their son became Robert II in 1371 when the direct Bruce line failed, and the stewardship turned into a crown. For more than two centuries afterwards the Stewarts ruled Scotland alone, through a run of reigns cut short by battle, captivity and long royal minorities that left the nobility unusually powerful. ## Notable members James IV, the most cultivated of the Scottish kings, married Margaret Tudor in 1503 and so planted the claim that would carry his descendants to the English throne. His granddaughter Mary, Queen of Scots became queen at six days old, reigned briefly and turbulently, and was deposed in 1567 and executed in England twenty years later. Her son, James VI of Scotland, inherited the English crown in 1603 as James I and became the first monarch to rule both kingdoms. His son Charles I lost the Civil Wars and his throne; Charles II returned at the Restoration in 1660; James II and VII was deposed in the Revolution of 1688, after which his daughters Mary II and Anne reigned in his place. In exile his son James Francis Edward Stuart and grandson Charles Edward Stuart, remembered as Bonnie Prince Charlie, led the Jacobite attempts to recover the throne, ending with the rising of 1745. ## Significance No other British dynasty changed the shape of the state so much. The Stuarts brought Scotland and England under one sovereign, presided over the King James Bible and the theatre of Shakespeare's late career, lost a king to Parliament, and provoked the settlements of 1689 and 1701 that made the monarchy answerable to Parliament and Protestant by statute. When Queen Anne died childless in 1714, the crown passed under the Act of Settlement to the descendants of her cousin Sophia of Hanover, granddaughter of James VI and I, so every British monarch since is still a Stuart descendant. | Fact | Details | | --- | --- | | Founder | Robert II, King of Scots from 1371 | | Ruled | Scotland 1371 to 1714; England and Ireland 1603 to 1714 | | Origin | Renfrewshire, Scotland | | Union of the Crowns | 1603, under James VI of Scotland and I of England | | Last reigning monarch | Anne, Queen of Great Britain, died 1714 | | Jacobite claimants | James Francis Edward, Charles Edward and Henry Benedict Stuart | | Succeeded by | The House of Hanover, through Sophia of Hanover |
The House of Hohenzollern is the German dynasty that ruled Brandenburg from 1415, held the Prussian crown from 1701, and gave Germany its three emperors between 1871 and the fall of the monarchy in 1918. This tree follows the senior Prussian line in one unbroken descent, from Frederick William the Great Elector, through the kings of Prussia and the German Emperors, down to Georg Friedrich, Prince of Prussia, the present head of the house. ## Origins The family takes its name from Hohenzollern Castle on a hill in the Swabian Alb, where a line of counts is recorded from the eleventh century. A Swabian Zollern married into the burgraviate of Nuremberg in 1192, and the Franconian branch that grew from it spent two centuries accumulating lands and credit with the Holy Roman Emperors. The decisive moment came in 1415, when Emperor Sigismund invested Frederick VI of Nuremberg as Elector of Brandenburg in return for his political and financial support. The Duchy of Prussia, a separate inheritance lying outside the Empire, passed to the Brandenburg electors in 1618, and Frederick William, the Great Elector, welded the two into a single functioning state after the devastation of the Thirty Years' War. ## Notable members Frederick I turned the electorate into a kingdom in 1701. His son Frederick William I, the Soldier King, built the army and the treasury that his own son, **Frederick the Great**, used to seize Silesia and to make Prussia a European power, while also composing music, building Sanssouci and corresponding with Voltaire. **Queen Louise** became the emotional centre of Prussian resistance to Napoleon. **Wilhelm I**, with Otto von Bismarck as his minister president, was proclaimed German Emperor at Versailles in 1871. His son **Frederick III** and the liberal English princess he married, Victoria, daughter of Queen Victoria, reigned for only ninety nine days. **Wilhelm II**, the last Kaiser, abdicated in 1918 and died in Dutch exile in 1941. ## Significance No other German family shaped the modern state so directly. Hohenzollern rulers created the Prussian civil service, compulsory schooling and the general staff, sponsored the Berlin academies and the Humboldt university model, and then used Prussian power to unify Germany around themselves. The monarchy ended with the revolution of November 1918, but the house continues as a private family: the headship passed from Wilhelm II to his eldest son, then to Louis Ferdinand, and in 1994 to Georg Friedrich, whose own father and uncles are part of the succession story told in this tree. ## Quick facts | Fact | Details | |---|---| | Family name | Hohenzollern | | Place of origin | Hohenzollern Castle, Swabia, southern Germany | | Ruled | Brandenburg from 1415, Prussia from 1618, Germany from 1871 | | Royal title | King in Prussia from 1701, King of Prussia from 1772 | | Imperial title | German Emperor, 1871 to 1918 | | German Emperors | Wilhelm I, Frederick III, Wilhelm II | | Monarchy ended | 9 November 1918 | | Present head of the house | Georg Friedrich, Prince of Prussia, since 1994 | | Principal residences | Berlin City Palace, Sanssouci and Cecilienhof at Potsdam, Charlottenburg | | Branch shown here | The senior Prussian line only, not Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen |
The Vanderbilts are an American family who rose from Dutch farming stock on Staten Island to hold the largest private fortune in the United States, built by Cornelius Vanderbilt, known as the Commodore, out of nineteenth century shipping and railroads, and known today for the Gilded Age houses their descendants built and for figures from Consuelo, Duchess of Marlborough, to the journalist Anderson Cooper. ## Origins on Staten Island The family descends from Jan Aertsen van der Bilt, a Dutch settler who reached New Netherland in the seventeenth century and whose descendants farmed on Staten Island for generations. Cornelius Vanderbilt (1794-1877) was born there, the son of a boatman, and began work as a teenager carrying freight across New York Harbour in a single sailing barge. He married his first cousin Sophia Johnson in 1813. ## The railroad fortune Vanderbilt moved from sail to steam, dominated the Hudson River and coastal trade, and after the Civil War turned to railroads, consolidating the New York Central system and building Grand Central Depot. He left almost the whole fortune to one son, William Henry Vanderbilt, who nearly doubled it in eight years before dividing it evenly among his own eight children. They built the family's great houses: The Breakers and Marble House at Newport, Biltmore House in North Carolina, Hyde Park on the Hudson, Florham in New Jersey and Shelburne Farms in Vermont. ## Notable members The third and fourth generations produced Consuelo Vanderbilt, who married the 9th Duke of Marlborough and became a social reformer in England; the sculptor Gertrude Vanderbilt Whitney, founder of the Whitney Museum of American Art; Alfred Gwynne Vanderbilt, who died in the sinking of the Lusitania; and Harold Stirling Vanderbilt, who won the America's Cup three times and invented contract bridge. The modern line runs through Reginald Claypoole Vanderbilt to the designer Gloria Vanderbilt and her son, the CNN anchor Anderson Cooper. ## Significance No American family is more closely identified with the Gilded Age. The Vanderbilts set the pattern for how new industrial wealth was spent, and then for how quickly such a fortune disperses across many heirs. What endures is institutional: Vanderbilt University, the Whitney Museum, and the houses at Newport, Hyde Park, Shelburne and Asheville that are now museums and public estates. | Fact | Details | | --- | --- | | Founder | Cornelius Vanderbilt (1794-1877), the Commodore | | Origin | Staten Island, New York, of Dutch descent | | Source of wealth | Steamboat shipping, then the New York Central railroads | | Famous houses | The Breakers, Marble House, Biltmore House, Hyde Park | | Best known members | Consuelo Vanderbilt, Gertrude Vanderbilt Whitney, Gloria Vanderbilt, Anderson Cooper | | Generations covered | Five, from the Commodore to Anderson Cooper |
Maud of Wales's recorded parents are Edward VII, Alexandra of Denmark.
Maud of Wales has 1 recorded child: Olav V of Norway.
Maud of Wales married Haakon VII of Norway.
Maud of Wales is recorded as Queen consort of Norway in the Glucksburg family tree.
Maud of Wales's recorded native place is Marlborough House, London, England.
4 ancestors and 6 descendants of Maud of Wales are recorded so far, within a tree of 59 people.
Maud of Wales is recorded as Christian IX of Denmark's Granddaughter.
Maud of Wales is recorded in the Glucksburg family tree on My rOoOts, alongside 58 other people.
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