Public Family Trees/Stuart/Robert II Stewart
1316 - 1390 · Male · Paisley, Renfrewshire, Scotland
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Robert II Stewart
1316 - 1390
Robert II was the first Stewart king of Scots, reigning from 1371 until his death in 1390. He was the son of Walter Stewart, 6th High Steward of Scotland, and Marjorie Bruce, daughter of King Robert the Bruce, and it was through his mother that the crown eventually reached the Stewart line. Born at Paisley in 1316 and orphaned as an infant, he acted as Guardian of Scotland during the long absences and captivity of hi…
Born1316
The beginning of Robert II Stewart's recorded life.
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A partnership that connects two branches of the Stuart family.
Legacy
A defining role in the story of the Stuart family.
Died1390
The close of a life whose connections continue through the family record.
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Gen 4 · 1430 - 1460
James II was king of Scots from 1437 to 1460. Born at Holyrood in 1430 to James I and Joan Beaufort, he was six when he came to the throne, and his minority was dominated by the rivalries of the Livingston, Crichton and Douglas families. Taking power in his own right in the later 1440s, he broke the overmighty Black Douglases in a series of campaigns that ended with their forfeiture in 1455, and greatly strengthened the crown's lands and finances. He was an enthusiast for the new siege artillery of the age, and it was at the siege of the English-held Roxburgh Castle in August 1460 that he was killed when one of his own guns burst. His son succeeded as James III.
Gen 5 · 1452 - 1488
James III was king of Scots from 1460 to 1488. The son of James II and Mary of Guelders, he was about eight at his accession and grew into a cultivated but unpopular ruler, more interested in the arts, music and architecture than in the hunting and campaigning his nobility expected. His marriage to Margaret of Denmark in 1469 brought Orkney and Shetland into the Scottish crown in place of her unpaid dowry, a lasting gain. His attempts at friendship with England, his reliance on low-born favourites and his quarrels with his own brothers repeatedly set the magnates against him, and he was overthrown and killed in 1488 after the Battle of Sauchieburn, fought in the name of his eldest son, who became James IV.
Gen 6 · 1473 - 1513
James IV was king of Scots from 1488 to 1513 and is usually reckoned the most successful of the Stewart kings. The son of James III and Margaret of Denmark, he came to the throne at fifteen after the rebellion that ended his father's reign, and spent his life atoning for it. He was a genuine Renaissance prince: a linguist, a patron of the poets William Dunbar and Robert Henryson, a founder of the College of Surgeons in Edinburgh and of Scotland's first printing press, and the builder of the great warship the Michael. His marriage to Margaret Tudor in 1503, the Treaty of Perpetual Peace, eventually carried his descendants to the English throne. He was killed at the Battle of Flodden in 1513.
Gen 7 · 1512 - 1542
James V was king of Scots from 1513 to 1542. Born at Linlithgow Palace in 1512 to James IV and Margaret Tudor, he was seventeen months old when his father was killed at Flodden, and his long minority was fought over by his mother, the Earl of Angus and the Duke of Albany. Ruling in his own right from 1528, he built up the crown's revenues, taxed the church heavily and rebuilt Falkland, Stirling and Linlithgow in the new Renaissance manner. He kept Scotland's French alliance and Catholic allegiance against the pressure of his uncle Henry VIII, marrying first Madeleine of Valois and then Mary of Guise. He died at Falkland Palace in December 1542, days after the birth of his daughter Mary, Queen of Scots.
Gen 7 · 1515 - 1578
Lady Margaret Douglas, Countess of Lennox, was the daughter of Margaret Tudor by her second marriage to Archibald Douglas, 6th Earl of Angus, and therefore a niece of Henry VIII with a real place in the English succession. Born at Harbottle Castle in Northumberland in 1515, she was raised largely at the English court and was close to her cousin Mary I. Her marriage in 1544 to Matthew Stewart, 4th Earl of Lennox, joined two claims to the Scottish and English thrones, and she worked tirelessly to advance them, promoting the marriage of her son Lord Darnley to Mary, Queen of Scots in 1565. That ambition twice landed her in the Tower of London. She died in 1578, grandmother of the future James VI and I.
Gen 9 · 1566 - 1625
James VI and I was king of Scots from 1567 and the first monarch to rule Scotland, England and Ireland together, succeeding Elizabeth I in 1603 in the Union of the Crowns. Born at Edinburgh Castle in 1566 to Mary, Queen of Scots and Lord Darnley, he became king at thirteen months when his mother was deposed, and was brought up by regents and rigorous Protestant tutors. A genuine scholar, he wrote on kingship, witchcraft and tobacco, and commissioned the King James Bible of 1611. He married Anne of Denmark in 1589 and had three children who survived infancy: Henry Frederick, Elizabeth and Charles. His reign saw the Gunpowder Plot of 1605 and the first permanent English settlements in North America.
Gen 10 · 1594 - 1612
Henry Frederick, Prince of Wales, was the eldest son of James VI and I and Anne of Denmark and heir to the three kingdoms until his death at eighteen. Born at Stirling Castle in 1594 and raised there apart from his mother, he was invested as Prince of Wales in 1610 and quickly became the focus of enormous public expectation: athletic, militantly Protestant, keen on ships and naval power, and a serious collector of art and books whose collection later formed part of his brother's. He built his household at St James's Palace into a rival court to his father's. His death in November 1612 was met with extraordinary national mourning, and the succession passed to his younger brother, Charles I.
Gen 10 · 1600 - 1649
Charles I was king of England, Scotland and Ireland from 1625 until 1649. Born at Dunfermline in 1600, the second son of James VI and I and Anne of Denmark, he became heir when his elder brother Henry Frederick died in 1612. He married the French princess Henrietta Maria in 1625 and assembled one of the greatest art collections in Europe, employing Van Dyck and Rubens. His insistence on the divine right of kings, his eleven years of personal rule without parliament, and his attempt to impose a new prayer book on Scotland led to the Bishops' Wars and then the Civil Wars. Defeated by parliament's armies, he was tried for treason and executed outside the Banqueting House at Whitehall in January 1649.
Gen 11 · 1630 - 1685
Charles II was king of England, Scotland and Ireland, reigning in Scotland from 1649 and in all three kingdoms from the Restoration of 1660 until his death in 1685. The eldest surviving son of Charles I and Henrietta Maria, he was born at St James's Palace in 1630, fought in the Civil Wars as a teenager and, after defeat at Worcester in 1651, spent nine years in exile on the Continent. Invited back in 1660, he presided over a reign that saw the Great Plague, the Fire of London, the founding of the Royal Society and the Royal Observatory, and three wars with the Dutch. Known as the Merry Monarch, he had no legitimate children by his queen, Catherine of Braganza, so his brother James succeeded him.
Gen 11 · 1630 - 1714
Sophia of Hanover was the granddaughter of James VI and I through whom the British crown passed to the House of Hanover. The twelfth child of Elizabeth Stuart and Frederick V, Elector Palatine, she was born in exile at The Hague in 1630 and grew up in a household famous for its learning; she corresponded for years with the philosopher Leibniz and was a notable intellectual figure in her own right. In 1658 she married Ernest Augustus, who became the first Elector of Hanover. The English Act of Settlement of 1701 named her and her Protestant descendants heirs to the throne after Queen Anne. She died in June 1714, weeks before Anne, and her son became King George I.
Gen 12 · 1650 - 1702
William III was Prince of Orange from birth, Dutch stadtholder from 1672, and king of England, Scotland and Ireland from 1689 until 1702. Born at The Hague in 1650 to William II of Orange and Mary, Princess Royal, he was a grandson of Charles I and so a Stuart on his mother's side. He made his name resisting Louis XIV's invasion of the Dutch Republic in 1672, and in 1677 married his first cousin Mary, elder daughter of James II. Invited by English politicians in 1688, he landed at Torbay, and when James fled he and Mary were offered the crown jointly on terms set out in the Bill of Rights. He won the Battle of the Boyne in 1690 and ruled alone after Mary's death in 1694.
The Kennedy family is an Irish American political dynasty from Boston, Massachusetts, whose members have included the 35th President of the United States, three United States senators, four congressmen, several ambassadors, and the founders of the Peace Corps and the Special Olympics. Across four documented generations the family moved from a County Wexford farm to the White House, and its name became shorthand in American public life for both political ambition and public service. ## Origins The American line begins with Patrick Kennedy, a farmer's son from Dunganstown, near New Ross in County Wexford, who emigrated to East Boston during the Great Famine. His son, Patrick Joseph "P. J." Kennedy (1858 to 1929), built a livelihood in the liquor and banking trades and served in both houses of the Massachusetts legislature, becoming one of the Democratic ward leaders who ran the city's Irish Catholic politics. On the other side stood John Francis "Honey Fitz" Fitzgerald (1863 to 1950), congressman and twice Mayor of Boston. The two families joined in 1914 when P. J.'s son Joseph P. Kennedy Sr. married Honey Fitz's daughter Rose Fitzgerald. Their nine children, raised between Brookline, Bronxville and the compound at Hyannis Port on Cape Cod, form the generation the world knows. ## Notable members John F. Kennedy served as President from 1961 until his death in 1963, having previously represented Massachusetts in the House and Senate. His brother Robert F. Kennedy was Attorney General, then Senator from New York, and a candidate for the presidency in 1968. Their youngest brother Edward "Ted" Kennedy sat in the United States Senate for almost 47 years and was one of the most productive legislators of his era. The eldest son, Joseph P. Kennedy Jr., was a naval aviator killed on a volunteer mission in 1944. Away from elected office, Eunice Kennedy Shriver founded the Special Olympics, her husband Sargent Shriver created the Peace Corps and Head Start, and Jean Kennedy Smith founded the arts and disability organisation VSA before serving as United States Ambassador to Ireland. The following generations have produced congressmen, a lieutenant governor, ambassadors, documentary filmmakers, human rights advocates and journalists. ## Significance No other American family has combined electoral success, philanthropy and public visibility on this scale for so long. The Kennedys shaped the civil rights era, the space programme, immigration reform, health care legislation and the modern understanding of disability rights, and their private losses were mourned publicly in a way usually reserved for royalty. The Kennedy Library in Boston, the Kennedy Center in Washington and dozens of schools and institutions carry the name. | Fact | Details | | --- | --- | | Family name | Kennedy | | Irish origin | Dunganstown, County Wexford, Ireland | | American home | Boston and Hyannis Port, Massachusetts | | Founding couple | Patrick Joseph Kennedy and Mary Augusta Hickey | | Best known member | John F. Kennedy, 35th President of the United States | | Generations covered | Four | | Offices held | Presidency, US Senate, US House, ambassadorships, state office | | Institutions founded | Peace Corps, Special Olympics, Best Buddies, Citizens Energy |
The Vanderbilts are an American family who rose from Dutch farming stock on Staten Island to hold the largest private fortune in the United States, built by Cornelius Vanderbilt, known as the Commodore, out of nineteenth century shipping and railroads, and known today for the Gilded Age houses their descendants built and for figures from Consuelo, Duchess of Marlborough, to the journalist Anderson Cooper. ## Origins on Staten Island The family descends from Jan Aertsen van der Bilt, a Dutch settler who reached New Netherland in the seventeenth century and whose descendants farmed on Staten Island for generations. Cornelius Vanderbilt (1794-1877) was born there, the son of a boatman, and began work as a teenager carrying freight across New York Harbour in a single sailing barge. He married his first cousin Sophia Johnson in 1813. ## The railroad fortune Vanderbilt moved from sail to steam, dominated the Hudson River and coastal trade, and after the Civil War turned to railroads, consolidating the New York Central system and building Grand Central Depot. He left almost the whole fortune to one son, William Henry Vanderbilt, who nearly doubled it in eight years before dividing it evenly among his own eight children. They built the family's great houses: The Breakers and Marble House at Newport, Biltmore House in North Carolina, Hyde Park on the Hudson, Florham in New Jersey and Shelburne Farms in Vermont. ## Notable members The third and fourth generations produced Consuelo Vanderbilt, who married the 9th Duke of Marlborough and became a social reformer in England; the sculptor Gertrude Vanderbilt Whitney, founder of the Whitney Museum of American Art; Alfred Gwynne Vanderbilt, who died in the sinking of the Lusitania; and Harold Stirling Vanderbilt, who won the America's Cup three times and invented contract bridge. The modern line runs through Reginald Claypoole Vanderbilt to the designer Gloria Vanderbilt and her son, the CNN anchor Anderson Cooper. ## Significance No American family is more closely identified with the Gilded Age. The Vanderbilts set the pattern for how new industrial wealth was spent, and then for how quickly such a fortune disperses across many heirs. What endures is institutional: Vanderbilt University, the Whitney Museum, and the houses at Newport, Hyde Park, Shelburne and Asheville that are now museums and public estates. | Fact | Details | | --- | --- | | Founder | Cornelius Vanderbilt (1794-1877), the Commodore | | Origin | Staten Island, New York, of Dutch descent | | Source of wealth | Steamboat shipping, then the New York Central railroads | | Famous houses | The Breakers, Marble House, Biltmore House, Hyde Park | | Best known members | Consuelo Vanderbilt, Gertrude Vanderbilt Whitney, Gloria Vanderbilt, Anderson Cooper | | Generations covered | Five, from the Commodore to Anderson Cooper |
The **Alaouite Dynasty** is the current ruling royal family of Morocco and one of the world's oldest surviving monarchies. For nearly **400 years**, the dynasty has shaped Morocco's political, religious, military, and cultural identity while maintaining an unbroken line of succession from its founder, **Moulay Ali Sharif**, in the 17th century to the present monarch, **King Mohammed VI**. Unlike many royal houses that disappeared through revolutions or colonial rule, the Alaouite dynasty survived tribal conflicts, European colonization, the French Protectorate, independence, constitutional reforms, and the modern democratic era. Today, it remains a symbol of Morocco's unity and continuity, with the king serving as both the country's head of state and the religious leader known as the **Commander of the Faithful (Amir al-Mu'minin)**. This guide explores the complete Alaouite family tree, the dynasty's origins, its most influential rulers, and the modern royal family that continues to lead Morocco. --- ## Origins of the Alaouite Dynasty The Alaouite dynasty traces its ancestry to **Hasan ibn Ali**, the grandson of the Prophet Muhammad. Because of this lineage, the family is regarded as **Sharifs**, descendants of the Prophet, giving them both religious legitimacy and political authority within Morocco. The dynasty began in **Tafilalt**, an oasis region in southeastern Morocco that became an important center of trade connecting North Africa with the Sahara. During the early 1600s, Morocco was politically fragmented after the decline of the Saadi dynasty, with regional tribes competing for power. In **1631**, **Moulay Ali Sharif** emerged as the ruler of Tafilalt. Although he governed only a regional territory, he established the Sharifian dynasty that would later unite Morocco under his descendants. His sons transformed a local ruling family into Morocco's royal house. --- ## The Founder: Moulay Ali Sharif Moulay Ali Sharif is remembered as the founder of Morocco's Alaouite dynasty. His leadership in Tafilalt provided stability during a period of political fragmentation, and his descendants inherited both his religious status and regional influence. Rather than conquering Morocco himself, he built the foundation that allowed his sons to establish a unified Moroccan state. His legacy continues through every Moroccan monarch today. --- ## Moulay Rashid and the Unification of Morocco The dynasty's first great ruler was **Moulay Rashid**, who became Sultan in **1666**. At the time, Morocco was divided among regional rulers, tribal confederations, and remnants of previous dynasties. Moulay Rashid defeated rival powers and successfully reunited the country under Alaouite rule. ### Major Contributions * Unified Morocco under one monarchy. * Established the Alaouite Sultanate. * Created a centralized government. * Strengthened royal authority across tribal regions. Although he ruled for only a few years, Moulay Rashid transformed the Alaouite family into Morocco's legitimate royal dynasty. --- ## Moulay Ismail: The Warrior Sultan After Moulay Rashid's death, his half-brother **Moulay Ismail** ruled from **1672 to 1727**, one of the longest reigns in Moroccan history. He is considered one of Morocco's greatest rulers because he transformed the monarchy into a powerful centralized state. ### Why Moulay Ismail is Famous * Built **Meknes** as an imperial capital. * Created the elite **Black Guard Army (Abid al-Bukhari)**. * Expanded Morocco's military power. * Strengthened diplomacy with European kingdoms. * Built hundreds of forts, palaces, and mosques. His reign brought political stability and expanded Morocco's influence across North Africa and Europe. --- ## The Succession Crisis After Moulay Ismail Moulay Ismail reportedly had dozens of wives and hundreds of children, leading to one of Morocco's most complicated royal succession periods. Several sons—including **Ahmad ad-Dhahabi**, **Abdelmalek**, and **Moulay Abdallah**—briefly occupied the throne during decades of internal conflict. Although these reigns were unstable, the Alaouite dynasty itself survived because royal legitimacy remained within the Sharifian family line. This period demonstrated the resilience of the dynasty despite intense rivalry among royal heirs. --- ## Mohammed III and Morocco's Global Diplomacy **Mohammed III ibn Abdallah** restored stability after years of succession struggles. He ruled from **1757 to 1790** and modernized Morocco's economy and diplomacy. ### Major Achievements * Founded the port city of **Essaouira (Mogador)**. * Expanded international trade. * Developed Morocco's navy. * Recognized the **United States** in 1777, making Morocco one of the first countries to acknowledge American independence. * Improved diplomatic relations with Europe and the Middle East. His reign positioned Morocco as an important trading nation between Africa and Europe. --- ## The Last Independent Sultans The nineteenth century brought increasing European influence over Morocco. ### Moulay Slimane Moulay Slimane emphasized religious scholarship, administrative reforms, and political stability while limiting foreign influence. ### Abd al-Rahman Abd al-Rahman modernized the military and attempted to protect Morocco from French expansion following the French conquest of neighboring Algeria. ### Mohammed IV After Morocco's defeat in the Hispano-Moroccan War, Mohammed IV introduced military and governmental reforms to strengthen the kingdom. ### Hassan I Hassan I became one of Morocco's last strong independent sultans. He traveled throughout Morocco to reinforce royal authority, modernized the army, improved taxation, and expanded state administration into remote tribal regions. His reign delayed colonial domination through diplomacy and modernization. --- ## The French Protectorate Era The Alaouite dynasty entered a new chapter during the early twentieth century. ### Abdelaziz Young Sultan Abdelaziz introduced modern inventions including telegraphs, photography, electricity, and bicycles. However, financial debt and political unrest weakened his rule. ### Abdelhafid His brother Abdelhafid overthrew him and signed the **Treaty of Fez** in **1912**, establishing the **French Protectorate** over Morocco. Although sovereignty became limited, the Alaouite monarchy continued to exist. ### Moulay Youssef Moulay Youssef ruled under French administration while preserving the monarchy's religious authority and preparing the way for his son, Mohammed V. --- ## Mohammed V: Father of Independent Morocco Few members of the Alaouite dynasty are as respected as **Mohammed V**. Ascending the throne in 1927, he became the symbol of Morocco's independence movement. ### His Historic Role * Supported Moroccan nationalism. * Opposed colonial rule. * Exiled by France in 1953. * Returned in 1955 after massive public protests. * Became Morocco's first **King** in 1957. His return united Moroccans across political, ethnic, and religious communities. Mohammed V is widely remembered as the **Father of Modern Morocco**. --- ## Hassan II and the Modern Kingdom King **Hassan II** ruled Morocco from **1961 to 1999**. His nearly four-decade reign transformed Morocco politically and economically. ### Major Contributions * Led the **Green March** in 1975. * Expanded Morocco's infrastructure. * Introduced constitutional reforms. * Strengthened diplomatic relations with Africa, Europe, and the Arab world. * Expanded education and healthcare institutions. His reign also faced political challenges known as the "Years of Lead," making him one of Morocco's most influential and debated monarchs. --- ## King Mohammed VI and the Contemporary Royal Family Since **1999**, **King Mohammed VI** has led Morocco through a period of modernization and economic development. ### Major Achievements * Launched the **Tangier Med Port**, one of Africa's largest ports. * Built **Al Boraq**, Africa's first high-speed railway. * Invested heavily in renewable energy through the **Noor Solar Complex**. * Expanded Morocco's economic partnerships across Africa. * Approved constitutional reforms during the 2011 Arab Spring. His reign focuses on balancing tradition with modernization while preserving the monarchy's constitutional role. --- ## The Current Moroccan Royal Family The present Alaouite royal family represents multiple generations of Moroccan leadership. ### Crown Prince Moulay Hassan Born in 2003, Crown Prince Moulay Hassan is the heir apparent to Morocco's throne. He regularly accompanies King Mohammed VI during official ceremonies, military events, diplomatic visits, and national celebrations, preparing for future leadership. ### Princess Lalla Khadija Princess Lalla Khadija represents the youngest generation of the royal family and participates in educational and cultural events across Morocco. ### Prince Moulay Rachid The king's younger brother serves as an important diplomatic representative and promotes sports, culture, education, and international cooperation. ### Princesses Lalla Meryem, Lalla Asma, and Lalla Hasna These royal princesses lead numerous charitable foundations supporting children's rights, education, healthcare, disability inclusion, environmental protection, and sustainable development. Together, they represent the humanitarian face of Morocco's monarchy. --- ## Religion and the Alaouite Monarchy A defining characteristic of the Alaouite dynasty is its religious authority. The Moroccan king carries the title **Commander of the Faithful (Amir al-Mu'minin)**, making him both a political leader and protector of Islam in Morocco. This role allows the monarchy to oversee religious institutions, promote moderate Islamic traditions, preserve Morocco's historic mosques and shrines, and maintain religious unity throughout the country. The combination of religious legitimacy and constitutional monarchy is unique among many modern monarchies. --- ## Why the Alaouite Dynasty Matters Today The Alaouite dynasty is one of the few royal families that has continuously ruled the same country for nearly four centuries. Its survival through civil wars, succession crises, colonial occupation, independence movements, and constitutional reforms reflects remarkable political continuity. Today, the dynasty symbolizes Morocco's national identity, historical heritage, and institutional stability. From **Moulay Ali Sharif** in Tafilalt to **King Mohammed VI** in Rabat, the Alaouite family has guided Morocco through some of the most significant transformations in North African history while preserving one of the world's oldest living monarchies. --- ## Alaouite Dynasty Timeline | Period | Key Monarch | Historical Significance | | ---------------- | ------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | **1631–1636** | Moulay Ali Sharif | Founded the Alaouite dynasty in Tafilalt. | | **1666–1672** | Moulay Rashid | Unified Morocco under Alaouite rule. | | **1672–1727** | Moulay Ismail | Built the modern Alaouite state and Meknes. | | **1757–1790** | Mohammed III ibn Abdallah | Expanded diplomacy and international trade. | | **1873–1894** | Hassan I | Modernized Morocco before colonial rule. | | **1912–1927** | Moulay Youssef | Maintained the monarchy during the French Protectorate. | | **1927–1961** | Mohammed V | Led Morocco to independence and became the first King of Morocco. | | **1961–1999** | Hassan II | Strengthened the constitutional monarchy and led the Green March. | | **1999–Present** | Mohammed VI | Modernized Morocco through economic, infrastructure, and constitutional reforms. | --- ## Complete Alaouite Family Tree Overview The complete Moroccan royal family tree spans **32 documented members** in the direct Alaouite lineage featured in this genealogy. ### Founding Generation * Moulay Ali Sharif * Sidi Mohammed I ibn Sharif * Moulay Rashid ### Imperial Alaouite Sultans * Moulay Ismail * Ahmad ad-Dhahabi * Moulay Abdelmalek * Moulay Abdallah * Mohammed III ibn Abdallah * Moulay Yazid * Moulay Slimane * Moulay Abd al-Rahman * Mohammed IV * Hassan I ### Protectorate Era Rulers * Moulay Abdelaziz * Moulay Abdelhafid * Moulay Youssef ### Independent Morocco * Mohammed V * Lalla Abla bint Tahar * Hassan II * Lalla Latifa Amahzoune ### Modern Royal Family * King Mohammed VI * Princess Lalla Salma * Crown Prince Moulay Hassan * Princess Lalla Khadija * Prince Moulay Rachid * Princess Lalla Meryem * Princess Lalla Asma * Princess Lalla Hasna * Prince Moulay Abdallah * Princess Lalla Amina * Princess Lalla Zineb * Princess Lalla Nezha The Alaouite dynasty remains the **longest-ruling royal family in Morocco's history** and continues to play a central role in the country's government, culture, religion, diplomacy, and national identity. From its origins in Tafilalt in **1631** to the reign of **King Mohammed VI**, the dynasty represents nearly four centuries of uninterrupted royal leadership and remains one of the world's oldest living monarchies. --- ## Quick Facts About the Alaouite Dynasty | **Fact** | **Details** | | ------------------------------ | -------------------------------------------- | | **Dynasty Name** | Alaouite Dynasty (Alawite Dynasty) | | **Country** | Morocco | | **Founded** | 1631 CE | | **Founder** | Moulay Ali Sharif | | **Current Monarch** | King Mohammed VI | | **Heir Apparent** | Crown Prince Moulay Hassan | | **Royal Capital** | Rabat, Morocco | | **Historic Imperial Capitals** | Meknes, Fez, Marrakesh, Rabat | | **Royal House Religion** | Sunni Islam | | **Royal Title** | Commander of the Faithful (Amir al-Mu'minin) | | **Years in Power** | Nearly 400 years (1631–Present) | --- **Moroccan Royal Family – Alaouite Dynasty Complete Family Tree** is one of the world's longest continuous royal lineages, connecting more than three centuries of Moroccan history through sultans, kings, queens, princes, and princesses who shaped the nation's identity from the Tafilalt oasis to modern-day Rabat.
The House of Tudor was the royal family that ruled England and Wales from 1485 to 1603, founded by Henry VII after his victory at Bosworth Field and ending with the death of his granddaughter Elizabeth I. In five reigns the dynasty took England out of the Roman Catholic church, made the monarch the head of a national religion, and turned a peripheral kingdom into a naval and literary power. This tree follows the line from the Welsh courtier Owen Tudor and the dowager queen Catherine of Valois down to Elizabeth I, together with the Brandon, Grey and Clifford cousins and the Scottish line that ended in James VI and I. ## Origins The family name comes from Penmynydd in Anglesey, north Wales, where the Tudors were landed gentry in the service of the princes of Gwynedd. Owen Tudor came to the English court in the 1420s and married Catherine of Valois, the widow of Henry V. Their sons Edmund and Jasper Tudor were half-brothers of Henry VI, who raised them to earldoms in 1452. Edmund's marriage to Lady Margaret Beaufort, a great-granddaughter of John of Gaunt, added the senior Lancastrian claim to the throne, and their only child, born after his father's death, became Henry VII. His marriage to Elizabeth of York, eldest daughter of Edward IV, joined the two houses whose rivalry had driven the Wars of the Roses and gave the dynasty its red and white rose. ## Notable members Henry VII rebuilt the crown's finances and secured the new dynasty through marriage alliances with Spain and Scotland. Henry VIII married six times and broke with Rome, and his three surviving children each reigned in turn: Edward VI as a Protestant boy king, Mary I as the first queen to rule England in her own right, and Elizabeth I for forty-four years. Around them stand the cousins who carried royal blood without the crown, among them Lady Jane Grey, queen for nine days, her sisters Catherine and Mary Grey, and Margaret Pole, Countess of Salisbury, one of the last Plantagenets. ## The Scottish and Suffolk lines Henry VII's daughters carried the blood outward. Margaret Tudor married James IV of Scotland, and her line runs through James V and Mary, Queen of Scots, to James VI and I, who inherited England in 1603. Mary Tudor married Charles Brandon, 1st Duke of Suffolk, and their daughters Frances and Eleanor Brandon produced the Grey and Clifford claimants whom Henry VIII's will preferred over the Scottish descendants of his elder sister. ## Significance No English dynasty changed the country more in so few generations. The Tudors created the Church of England, absorbed the wealth of the monasteries into the crown, brought Wales formally into the English legal and parliamentary system, and built the navy that met the Spanish Armada. The Elizabethan settlement shaped English religion for centuries, and the Elizabethan decades produced Shakespeare, Spenser and the first English voyages to the Americas. When Elizabeth I died unmarried in 1603, the throne passed peacefully to her Scottish cousin, and the two crowns were joined in one person for the first time. | Fact | Details | |---|---| | Origin | Penmynydd, Anglesey, Wales | | Ruled | England, Wales and Ireland, 1485 to 1603 | | Founder | Owen Tudor, through his son Edmund Tudor | | Monarchs | Henry VII, Henry VIII, Edward VI, Mary I, Elizabeth I | | Emblem | The Tudor rose, red and white combined | | Principal seats | Richmond, Greenwich, Hampton Court and Whitehall palaces | | Ended | Death of Elizabeth I in 1603, succeeded by James VI of Scotland |
Robert II Stewart has 1 recorded child: Robert III Stewart.
Robert II Stewart married Elizabeth Mure.
Robert II Stewart is recorded as King of Scots in the Stuart family tree.
Robert II Stewart's recorded native place is Paisley, Renfrewshire, Scotland.
0 ancestors and 26 descendants of Robert II Stewart are recorded so far, within a tree of 49 people.
Robert II Stewart is recorded in the Stuart family tree on My rOoOts, alongside 48 other people.
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