Public Family Trees/Plantagenet/Catherine of Valois
1401 - 1437 · Female · Paris, France
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Ancestors
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Descendants
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Children
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Marriages
Catherine of Valois
1401 - 1437
Catherine of Valois was Queen of England as the wife of Henry V and the mother of Henry VI. Born in Paris in 1401, the youngest daughter of Charles VI of France, she was married to Henry in 1420 under the Treaty of Troyes, which made him heir to her father's throne. Widowed in 1422 when her son was still an infant, she lived quietly in England as the young king's mother. Her later association with Owen Tudor, a Welsh…
Born1401
The beginning of Catherine of Valois's recorded life.
Family
A partnership that connects two branches of the Plantagenet family.
Legacy
A defining role in the story of the Plantagenet family.
Died1437
The close of a life whose connections continue through the family record.
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Gen 1 · 1133 - 1189
Henry II was King of England from 1154 to 1189 and the first monarch of the House of Plantagenet. Born at Le Mans in 1133 to Geoffrey V of Anjou and Empress Matilda, he inherited Anjou and Normandy, gained Aquitaine through his marriage to Eleanor of Aquitaine in 1152, and took the English crown two years later, ruling lands that stretched from the Scottish border to the Pyrenees. He rebuilt royal government after the civil war called the Anarchy, and his legal reforms, among them itinerant justices and sworn juries, laid the foundations of English common law. His reign was marked by his quarrel with Archbishop Thomas Becket and by rebellions led by his own sons. He died at Chinon in 1189 and was succeeded by Richard I.
Gen 2 · 1157 - 1199
Richard I, known as Richard the Lionheart, was King of England from 1189 to 1199 and one of the leading commanders of the Third Crusade. Born at Oxford in 1157, a son of Henry II and Eleanor of Aquitaine, he was brought up in his mother's duchy of Aquitaine and became its duke, rebelling against his father more than once before succeeding him. He spent almost his entire reign abroad, campaigning in the Holy Land against Saladin, where he took Acre and Jaffa but never recovered Jerusalem. Returning overland, he was held for a vast ransom in Germany while England was governed by his officials and his mother. He died in the Limousin in 1199 and was succeeded by his brother John.
Gen 2 · 1166 - 1216
John was King of England from 1199 to 1216, the youngest son of Henry II and Eleanor of Aquitaine. Born at Oxford in 1166, he succeeded his brother Richard I and by 1204 had lost Normandy, Anjou and most of the family's continental lands to Philip II of France. Heavy taxation to fund attempts at their recovery, together with quarrels with the church and with his barons, provoked a rebellion that forced him to accept Magna Carta at Runnymede in June 1215, the charter that first set down in writing that the king was subject to law. War resumed almost at once, and he died at Newark in October 1216, leaving the throne to his nine-year-old son Henry III.
Gen 3 · 1207 - 1272
Henry III was King of England from 1216 to 1272, one of the longest reigns in English history. The son of King John and Isabella of Angoulême, he was born at Winchester in 1207 and crowned at the age of nine while much of the country was still in rebel hands, ruling through regents until 1234. A devout and artistically minded king, he rebuilt Westminster Abbey in the Gothic style as a shrine for Edward the Confessor and as the burial church of his dynasty. His reliance on foreign relatives and his costly foreign schemes provoked the baronial reform movement of 1258 and the Second Barons' War, in which Simon de Montfort briefly controlled the government before being defeated by the king's son, the future Edward I.
Gen 4 · 1239 - 1307
Edward I, called Longshanks, was King of England from 1272 to 1307. Born at Westminster in 1239, the eldest son of Henry III and Eleanor of Provence, he defeated Simon de Montfort at Evesham in 1265 and was away on crusade when he succeeded his father. As king he issued a great series of statutes that reshaped English land law and justice, summoned the Model Parliament of 1295, and completed the conquest of Wales, ringing it with castles such as Caernarfon, Conwy and Harlech. His later years were consumed by war in Scotland against William Wallace and Robert the Bruce. He married Eleanor of Castile, whose death in 1290 he marked with the Eleanor crosses, and died at Burgh by Sands in 1307.
Gen 5 · 1284 - 1327
Edward II was King of England from 1307 to 1327. Born at Caernarfon in 1284, the son of Edward I and Eleanor of Castile, he was the first English heir to hold the title Prince of Wales. His reign was dominated by conflict with his barons over his reliance on favourites, above all Piers Gaveston and later Hugh Despenser the Younger, and by military failure in Scotland, where Robert the Bruce destroyed an English army at Bannockburn in 1314. In 1326 his wife Isabella of France and the exiled baron Roger Mortimer invaded England, and in January 1327 Edward became the first English king to be deposed by parliament, in favour of his teenage son Edward III. He died later that year at Berkeley Castle.
Gen 6 · 1312 - 1377
Edward III was King of England from 1327 to 1377, one of the longest and most celebrated reigns of the Middle Ages. Born at Windsor in 1312 to Edward II and Isabella of France, he came to the throne as a boy after his father's deposition and took power into his own hands in 1330. Claiming the French crown through his mother, he opened the Hundred Years' War, winning at Sluys in 1340 and Crécy in 1346 and taking Calais, while his eldest son, the Black Prince, triumphed at Poitiers. He founded the Order of the Garter in 1348 and presided over the arrival of the Black Death and the steady growth of parliament. His many sons, and the rivalry of their descendants, shaped English politics for a century.
Gen 7 · 1330 - 1376
Edward of Woodstock, known to later ages as the Black Prince, was the eldest son of Edward III and Philippa of Hainault and the most admired English soldier of his age. Born in 1330, he was created Prince of Wales in 1343 and commanded a division at Crécy in 1346 at the age of sixteen. Ten years later at Poitiers he captured John II of France, and from 1362 he ruled the principality of Aquitaine for his father. His later campaign in Castile drained his resources and his health, and he returned to England in 1371. He married his cousin Joan of Kent and died in 1376, a year before his father, so the crown passed instead to his young son Richard II.
Gen 7 · 1338 - 1368
Lionel of Antwerp, 1st Duke of Clarence, was the second surviving son of Edward III and Philippa of Hainault, born at Antwerp in 1338 while his parents were in the Low Countries. Through his marriage as a boy to Elizabeth de Burgh he became Earl of Ulster and one of the greatest landholders in Ireland, and in 1361 Edward III sent him there as lieutenant; the parliament he held at Kilkenny in 1366 produced the Statutes of Kilkenny. Created Duke of Clarence in 1362, he travelled to Italy in 1368 for a second marriage and died at Alba a few months later. His only child, Philippa, carried his line to the Mortimer earls of March and, through them, to the house of York.
Gen 8 · 1367 - 1413
Henry IV was King of England from 1399 to 1413 and the first monarch of the house of Lancaster. Born at Bolingbroke Castle in 1367, the son of John of Gaunt and Blanche of Lancaster, he was one of the Lords Appellant who curbed Richard II in 1388 and was later exiled, his inheritance seized. He returned in 1399, deposed his cousin Richard and was accepted as king by parliament. His reign was spent defending that title against the revolt of Owain Glyndwr in Wales, the Percy risings in the north and repeated conspiracies, and against a persistent shortage of money. He was the first king since the Norman Conquest whose first language was English. He died at Westminster in 1413.
Gen 8 · 1367 - 1400
Richard II was King of England from 1377 to 1399, the son of Edward the Black Prince and Joan of Kent. Born at Bordeaux in 1367, he succeeded his grandfather Edward III at the age of ten and faced the Peasants' Revolt at fourteen, riding out to meet the rebels at Smithfield. His adult rule was marked by struggles with the Lords Appellant, who curbed his power in 1388, and by a later reassertion of royal authority that his opponents called tyranny. A notable patron of art and architecture, he rebuilt the roof of Westminster Hall. In 1399 he was deposed by his cousin Henry Bolingbroke, who took the throne as Henry IV, and he died at Pontefract Castle early in 1400.
The Gandhi family is the direct biological lineage of Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi (1869-1948), the Indian independence leader known as Mahatma Gandhi, tracing his descendants through his wife Kasturba Gandhi and their four sons down to his great-grandchildren active in India, South Africa and beyond. This family is entirely distinct from the Nehru-Gandhi political dynasty of Jawaharlal Nehru, Indira Gandhi and Rajiv Gandhi, whose surname comes from Indira Gandhi's husband Feroze Gandhy and shares no blood relation with Mahatma Gandhi at all. ## Origins The family's roots lie in Porbandar, in the Kathiawar region of present-day Gujarat, where Mohandas Gandhi was born to Karamchand Gandhi, diwan (chief minister) of the princely state, and his wife Putlibai. Gandhi married Kasturba Makhanji Kapadia in 1883, and the couple's shared life, spanning his legal training in London, two decades of activism in South Africa, and his return to lead India's independence movement, produced four sons: Harilal, Manilal, Ramdas and Devdas. Each son's branch of the family took a markedly different path, from journalism and diplomacy to activism against apartheid, while remaining bound by their shared descent from Mohandas and Kasturba. ## Notable members Manilal Gandhi carried his father's work to South Africa, editing the newspaper Indian Opinion for decades; his children Arun Gandhi and Ela Gandhi became, respectively, an internationally known peace educator and an anti-apartheid Member of the South African Parliament. Devdas Gandhi became a leading Indian journalist as editor of the Hindustan Times, and his four children with Lakshmi Gandhi, Rajmohan, Ramchandra, Gopalkrishna and Tara, went on to prominence as a historian, a philosopher, a diplomat-turned-Governor of West Bengal, and a writer. The family's fourth generation includes Tushar Gandhi, a great-grandson through eldest son Harilal's line, known for his writing on his great-grandfather's life and legacy. ## Significance Across four generations, the Gandhi family has remained closely tied to the causes Mohandas Gandhi championed: nonviolent resistance, civil rights, journalism in service of public life, and constructive social work, carried forward in India, South Africa and internationally rather than concentrated in any single institution or country. | Fact | Details | |---|---| | Patriarch | Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi (1869-1948) | | Native place | Porbandar, Gujarat, India | | Spouse | Kasturba Gandhi (1869-1944) | | Sons | Harilal, Manilal, Ramdas, Devdas | | Generations covered | 4 (parents to great-grandchildren) | | Members in this tree | 21 | | Distinct from | The Nehru-Gandhi political dynasty |
The House of Bourbon is a European royal dynasty, descended in the male line from the Capetian kings of France, that ruled France from 1589 to 1792 and again from 1814 to 1848, and that still reigns in Spain today under King Felipe VI. Over four centuries its members also held the thrones of Navarre, Naples and Sicily, Parma and Etruria, which makes it one of the most widely established royal houses in European history. ## Origins The family takes its name from the lordship of Bourbon in the Auvergne, centred on Bourbon-l'Archambault. Its royal line descends from Robert, Count of Clermont, a younger son of King Louis IX of France, whose marriage to Beatrice of Burgundy, heiress of Bourbon, carried the name into the Capetian house in 1272. For three centuries afterwards the Bourbons were powerful French princes of the blood rather than kings. That changed with Antoine de Bourbon, Duke of Vendome, whose marriage to Jeanne d'Albret, queen regnant of Navarre, produced Henry of Navarre. When the Valois line died out in 1589, Henry was the senior Capetian heir, and he took the French throne as Henry IV. ## Notable members Henry IV ended the French Wars of Religion and issued the Edict of Nantes in 1598. His son Louis XIII, guided by Cardinal Richelieu, built the centralised state that Louis XIV, the Sun King, carried to its height across a reign of seventy-two years, the longest of any European sovereign, and to the palace of Versailles. Louis XV and then Louis XVI inherited that system, and Louis XVI and his queen, Marie Antoinette, were swept away by the French Revolution in 1792. The dynasty returned with Louis XVIII in 1814 and Charles X in 1824, and in 1830 the crown passed to Louis Philippe I of the cadet House of Orleans, the last king to rule in France. ## The Spanish branch In 1700 the childless Charles II of Spain left his crown to Philip, Duke of Anjou, a grandson of Louis XIV. Philip became Philip V, the first Bourbon king of Spain, at the cost of the War of the Spanish Succession, which ended with his renunciation of any claim to the French throne. His descendants include the reforming Charles III, Ferdinand VII, Isabella II, Alfonso XII and Alfonso XIII, who left Spain in 1931. The monarchy was restored in 1975 under Juan Carlos I, grandson of Alfonso XIII, who presided over Spain's transition to democracy and abdicated in 2014 in favour of his son Felipe VI. Felipe's elder daughter Leonor, Princess of Asturias, is heir to the throne. ## Significance No other family links the absolute monarchy of Versailles to a working constitutional monarchy in twenty-first century Madrid. Bourbon marriages tied the house to the Habsburgs of Austria and Spain, the dukes of Savoy, the Medici of Florence and the British royal family, so a Bourbon family tree doubles as a map of European dynastic politics from the Reformation to the present day. | Fact | Details | | --- | --- | | Family name | House of Bourbon (Maison de Bourbon, Casa de Borbon) | | Place of origin | Bourbon-l'Archambault, Auvergne, France | | Founder of the line | Robert, Count of Clermont (1256-1317), son of Louis IX | | First king of France | Henry IV, reigned 1589 to 1610 | | Last king to rule France | Louis Philippe I, reigned 1830 to 1848 | | First king of Spain | Philip V, reigned 1700 to 1746 | | Head of the house in Spain | King Felipe VI, since 2014 | | Heir in Spain | Leonor, Princess of Asturias | | Principal seats | Versailles, Fontainebleau, the Louvre, the Royal Palace of Madrid |
The Kennedy family is an Irish American political dynasty from Boston, Massachusetts, whose members have included the 35th President of the United States, three United States senators, four congressmen, several ambassadors, and the founders of the Peace Corps and the Special Olympics. Across four documented generations the family moved from a County Wexford farm to the White House, and its name became shorthand in American public life for both political ambition and public service. ## Origins The American line begins with Patrick Kennedy, a farmer's son from Dunganstown, near New Ross in County Wexford, who emigrated to East Boston during the Great Famine. His son, Patrick Joseph "P. J." Kennedy (1858 to 1929), built a livelihood in the liquor and banking trades and served in both houses of the Massachusetts legislature, becoming one of the Democratic ward leaders who ran the city's Irish Catholic politics. On the other side stood John Francis "Honey Fitz" Fitzgerald (1863 to 1950), congressman and twice Mayor of Boston. The two families joined in 1914 when P. J.'s son Joseph P. Kennedy Sr. married Honey Fitz's daughter Rose Fitzgerald. Their nine children, raised between Brookline, Bronxville and the compound at Hyannis Port on Cape Cod, form the generation the world knows. ## Notable members John F. Kennedy served as President from 1961 until his death in 1963, having previously represented Massachusetts in the House and Senate. His brother Robert F. Kennedy was Attorney General, then Senator from New York, and a candidate for the presidency in 1968. Their youngest brother Edward "Ted" Kennedy sat in the United States Senate for almost 47 years and was one of the most productive legislators of his era. The eldest son, Joseph P. Kennedy Jr., was a naval aviator killed on a volunteer mission in 1944. Away from elected office, Eunice Kennedy Shriver founded the Special Olympics, her husband Sargent Shriver created the Peace Corps and Head Start, and Jean Kennedy Smith founded the arts and disability organisation VSA before serving as United States Ambassador to Ireland. The following generations have produced congressmen, a lieutenant governor, ambassadors, documentary filmmakers, human rights advocates and journalists. ## Significance No other American family has combined electoral success, philanthropy and public visibility on this scale for so long. The Kennedys shaped the civil rights era, the space programme, immigration reform, health care legislation and the modern understanding of disability rights, and their private losses were mourned publicly in a way usually reserved for royalty. The Kennedy Library in Boston, the Kennedy Center in Washington and dozens of schools and institutions carry the name. | Fact | Details | | --- | --- | | Family name | Kennedy | | Irish origin | Dunganstown, County Wexford, Ireland | | American home | Boston and Hyannis Port, Massachusetts | | Founding couple | Patrick Joseph Kennedy and Mary Augusta Hickey | | Best known member | John F. Kennedy, 35th President of the United States | | Generations covered | Four | | Offices held | Presidency, US Senate, US House, ambassadorships, state office | | Institutions founded | Peace Corps, Special Olympics, Best Buddies, Citizens Energy |
Catherine of Valois has 1 recorded child: Henry VI of England.
Catherine of Valois married Henry V of England.
Catherine of Valois is recorded as Queen consort of England in the Plantagenet family tree.
Catherine of Valois's recorded native place is Paris, France.
Catherine of Valois is recorded in the Plantagenet family tree on My rOoOts, alongside 49 other people.
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