Gargya is the patronymic form meaning “descendant of Garga.” It designates lineages that trace themselves specifically to the sage Garga rather than to the broader Angirasa or Bharadwaja stems. In classical literature several important teachers and interlocutors bear the name Gargya or Gargi (the famous woman philosopher Gargi Vachaknavi of the Brihadaranyaka Upanishad belongs to this intellectual tradition).
The Gargya gotra therefore carries the dual heritage of Vedic hymn composition, early astronomical science, and philosophical inquiry. Its ritual pravara is essentially the same as that of the Garga gotra, emphasizing the continuous descent from Angirasa through Garga. Families of this gotra maintain the memory of one of the most intellectually versatile sages of the later Vedic and epic periods.
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Literally "descendant of Garga" - a patronymic gotra name for lineages tracing descent from the sage Garga.
No. Gotra and surname are separate systems. Families with many different surnames, across many regions and communities, can share the same gotra, and families with the same surname can belong to different gotras.
Many communities traditionally avoid marriage between people of the same gotra, based on the idea that they share a common patrilineal ancestor. Exact customs vary widely by community and region.